Theorists summary

1.  Roland Barthes- Semiotics
1.  Every media product has a hidden meaning
2.  Tzvetan Todorov- Narratology
1. Every story has a beginning that is good, a period of mass chaos, and an end with partial mending good
3.  Steve Neale- Genre Theory
1. States that all media products have a type of story and that they change over time
2. This creates combined genres, aka sub-genres
4.  Claude Levi-Strauss- Structuralism
1. Believes that all media products create two opposite ideas that are used to show difference one another
5.  Jean Baudrillard- Postmodernism
1.  claims that lifestyle's boundaries between what is real and what is not is no longer boundary
6.  Stuart Hall- Representation
1.  He says that overtime, people have been grouped together to make life easier for creators to create media products to target audience
7.  David Gauntlett- Identity
1.  Media products help people to create people their own personality and character, a pick and mix theory
8.  Liesbet van Zoonen- Feminism
1. Says that women in every media product are created to be sexy for boys to enoy
9.  bell hooks- Feminist
1. Claims that feminism is not just for women but for everyone and is used to end the powerful man lifestyle and the 'wanting to be powerful'  women.
10.  Judith Butler- Gender Performativity
1.  Claims that boy's and girl's character are created by how they walk, talk, dress etc
11.  Paul Gilroy- Ethnicity and Postcolonial
1.  Paul says that the idea of peoples beliefs on certain people were created after the settling and claiming of land from the empire period such as the British Empire
12.  Curran & Seaton- Power and Media industries
1.  Overtime the movies are being controlled by a smaller number of companies who love money, such as Disney
2.  This creates a lack of creativity, quality and variety in media products
13.  Sonia Livingstone & Peter Lunt- Regulation
1. Rules and restrictions that issued to every movie, stating how old you should be to watch this movie
14.  David Hesmondhalgh- Cultural Industries
1.  When companies by other companies, either on the same level of that company or smaller companies
15.  Albert Bandura- Media Effects
1.  Claims that movies, videogames and more have a great effect on people, changing their personality
16.  George Gerbner- Cultivation
1. The idea that long exposure to TV boosts the beliefs set on certain people groups
17.  Stuart Hall- Reception
1. When we are given a book, movie, tv show, videogame and more, we are expected to view it in a certain way, understand what it means but may disagree, argue against what the thing is showing or completely misunderstand what its supposed to show.
2. Negotiation
18.  Henry Jenkins- Fandom
1. Media fans appropriate texts and read them in ways that are not fully intended by the media producers (textual poaching)
19. Clay Shirky- End of Audience
1. no such thing as audience anymore, we are all producers
2. Media consumers have become producers who 'speak back to' the media in various ways, creating and sharing